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Enolases are among the most abundantly expressed cytosolic
2021-08-30
Enolases are among the most abundantly expressed cytosolic proteins. They are metalloenzymes that catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate [18]. Eubacteria and archaebacteria have a single enolase gene (reviewed in [19]). Despite the lack of signal peptides or cognate pro
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To analyze EBI expression and its function in T
2021-08-30
To analyze EBI2 expression and its function in T cells in vivo, we created an EGFP reporter/knockout mouse strain, termed EBI2EGFP. This mouse strain in heterozygous configuration allows for a systematic analysis of the expression of EBI2 in distinct cell types in steady-state and under inflammatory
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E ligases provide substrate recognition
2021-08-30
E3 ligases provide substrate recognition specificity Ubiquitination Dinaciclib and substrate specificity in mammals is achieved by the existence of over six-hundred E3-ubiquitin ligases that catalyze the final step of ubiquitination, compared with only one E1 and very few E2 enzymes known till date
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In studies directed toward the development
2021-08-30
In studies directed toward the development of sequence-specific major-groove binding small UNC 3230 [11], we desired a non-intercalating molecular scaffold that could direct attached moieties into the major groove. As an initial step toward this goal, we wished to study the DNA binding mode and af
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Thus DGK active sites remain
2021-08-30
Thus, DGK-active sites remain ill-defined and, combined with the lack of crystal structures for mammalian DGKs, have limited our understanding of substrate and inhibitor binding. As a result, current DGK inhibitors consist of compounds with poor specificity within the DGK superfamily (de Chaffoy de
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br an anaerobic gram positive spore forming bacterium
2021-08-28
, an OU749 gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that can induce fatal intestinal inflammatory disease, is the most prevalent cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in nosocomial settings. Two exotoxins, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), secreted by the bacterium,
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In recent years there has been a dramatic
2021-08-28
In recent years there has been a dramatic increase in identification and optimization of potent CRTh2 antagonists which may not only inhibit the recruitment and activation of Th2 cells but also accelerate apoptosis and clearance of these cells from inflamed tissue, thereby promoting the resolution o
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Several studies have described the role
2021-08-28
Several studies have described the role of NP in vRNP nuclear export. For example, leptomycin B (LMB), an inhibitor of the CRM1 nuclear export signal (NES) binding domain (Kudo et al., 1999), inhibits nuclear export of vRNP and NP, but not NEP or M1, in virally infected or transfected Mouse iPSC Che
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We note that there are slight qualitative
2021-08-28
We note that there are slight qualitative differences among the similar time-optimal protocols. We attribute this to the challenging nature of our PDE and ODE state constrained optimization problem. While our optimization algorithm was able to converge to local optima in each case, it is likely that
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Cryptotanshinone For the first time we provide evidence
2021-08-28
For the first time, we provide evidence for COMT Val158Met modulation of long-term fear extinction in humans, evident both in cortical (LPP) and autonomic (fear bradycardia) components of the conditioned fear response. We further found that the initial acquisition of fear is related to dispositional
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In contrast to AChE BuChE
2021-08-28
In contrast to AChE, BuChE (Table 2) exhibited a measurable time-dependent inactivation only with L-Glutathione Reduced 2 among the four acetophenones in this study. Values of Ki obtained from steady-state inhibition of BuChE by all four acetophenones were, as noted in the Results, 10- to 200-fold
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br Acetylcholinesterase and cholinergic signaling The concep
2021-08-28
Acetylcholinesterase and cholinergic signaling The concept of a synapse between a neuron and an innervated cell, and the receptors that mediated their interaction, was developed by Bernard, Ehrlich, Sherrington, Langley and others (see [7], [8], [9]. It was long debated whether transmission of ne
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HA activates its receptor channels to cause an inward
2021-08-28
HA activates its receptor channels to cause an inward chloride flux in the insect nervous system (Hardie, 1989). Two genes encoding the subunits of these channels were first identified in D. melanogaster: one previously known as ort (also differently named as hclA, DM-HisCl-α1, hisCl2 and Dm HA-Cl I
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In summary A is a potent orally available
2021-08-28
In summary, A-216546 is a potent, orally available endothelin receptor antagonist with a high selectivity for the endothelin ETA receptor. The potency and bioavailability of A-216546 suggest that it will have important utility for preclinical evaluation of the pathophysiology of the endothelin syste
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Data on optimal hormone formulations routes
2021-08-28
Data on optimal hormone formulations, routes of administration, doses and duration of hormone use in young women with POF are lacking (Box 1). Transdermal Fenofibrate administration, which avoids the first-pass hepatic circulation and the increase in inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein,
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